Bright Christmas stars have long been a familiar sight across Germany during the darkest days of the year, but none is more famous — and lately as popular — as the Moravian stars from the eastern village of Herrnhut near the Polish and Czech borders.
They come in different sizes and shine in varying colours. They decorate church steeples and apartment windows, and even adorn the chancellery in Berlin during Advent.
“It’s the symbol of the Star of Bethlehem, which guided the three wise men to the Christ Child in the manger,” said Katja Ruppert, managing director of the Herrnhuter Sterne manufacturing company.
The stars have been handmade in Herrnhut for over 180 years, a town founded by refugees of the Moravian Church fleeing from the historical provinces of Bohemia and Moravia in what is now the Czech Republic.
Members of the church, one of the world’s oldest Protestant denominations, found refuge in the German region in 1722 under the auspices of Count Nikolaus von Zinzendorf, who granted them asylum from prosecution by Catholics. He provided them with land where the believers founded Herrnhut, which roughly translates to “Under the Protection of the Lord.”
The famous Christmas star was created during a geometry lesson
The church members were very active in education. In one of the schools they founded, the famous Moravian star was created when a math teacher — trying to give a descriptive explanation of geometry — asked his students to develop a “truncated cuboctahedron with 17 four-corner based points and eight three-corner based points.”
That initial cardboard star was patented in 1925, so its points could be dismantled for shipping and later clamped together again.
The smallest star has a diameter of 8 centimetres (3.14 inches) and sells for 19 euros ($22), while the biggest one measures 130 centimetres and costs 205 euros. Special orders are more expensive and can measure up to 250 cm.
Initially, the points of the Moravian star were white and red, symbolising both “purity and the blood of Jesus Christ,” Ruppert explained in an interview with The Associated Press.
As the production of the stars expanded, so did the range of colours. Today, they are made of paper or plastic and come in monochrome, varicoloured, or patterned varieties, including some made from the pages of old books, dubbed “literary stars.”
There are even stars with floral spring motifs for those who want to keep decorative ornaments up in their homes year-round, not just during the Christmas season.
People can make their own stars at a workshop in Herrnhut
Recently, the company also opened a handicrafts workshop in Herrnhut, where people can make their own stars. In addition, there’s a big showroom presenting and selling all the different varieties. White, yellow, and red are among the most popular creations, but the company’s annual special edition — this year, a shiny purple star — has also become a sought-after collectable.
“We are now taking part in many Christmas markets. We have gone to trade fairs. We have found many retailers who would like to work with us there,” Ruppert said, explaining how the Moravian star’s popularity has spread widely within Germany in the past 20 years.
Nowadays, about 230 employees make more than 820,000 stars each year, and more than 60,000 people visit the store and workshop each year, mainly during the weeks before Christmas.
So far, the star is not being exported extensively to other countries, Ruppert said. But other communities of the Moravian Church, such as the one in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, or Christiansfeld in Denmark, also feature the star as a symbol of their faith during Advent.
Silk Schmidt, a hairdresser from Neueibau in southeastern Saxony, had come to Herrnhut with her sister-in-law in mid-November to make three stars as Christmas gifts for her two sons and mother.
“I myself have at least ten stars at home,” she said, adding that she usually puts them up on the first weekend of Advent.
“When it’s so dark outside and not nice anymore, then the stars hang in the window, which is actually really beautiful,” she said.
