In Asia, South Korea’s stock market was forced to halt trading for 20 minutes, with its Kospi index shedding nearly 9% within minutes of opening.
It eventually closed 8.3% lower, with Japan’s Nikkei index falling 3.9% and European markets also trading lower, though suffering much smaller falls than those seen in Asia.
In the US, the tech-heavy Nasdaq index closed up 0.9% while the S&P 500 ended the day 0.3% higher.
All had suffered steep drops on Friday following a strong US jobs report, which raised the prospect of interest rates staying high, or even climbing further this year.
On Monday, markets were also rattled by a rise in oil prices, fuelling concerns of inflation, after Iran and Israel exchanged strikes for the first time since a ceasefire was agreed between the sides and the US in April.
Traders are nervously watching a “messy mix” of several shocks to the market mainly tied to the tech sector and accelerated by rising energy prices, said chief investment strategist Charu Chanana from Saxo.
Tech stocks have seen a strong run in recent weeks, but investors are “repositioning” over fears the investments into artificial intelligence may be overvalued, she said.
Markets like the Kospi and Nikkei are particularly exposed to such shocks given their exchanges are dominated by tech stocks.
The Kospi’s halt on Monday was part of a circuit breaker mechanism designed to prevent panic trading and was triggered for the third time this year following the plunge in tech stocks.
Wall Street’s sharp drop on Friday saw the sell-off in tech stocks wipe about 4% off the Nasdaq – its biggest drop in more than a year.
Part of the decline on Friday followed fears of a hike in US interest rates, due to a lower-than-expected US unemployment rate in April as well as persistently high inflation linked to the war in the Middle East.
Most European markets were lower on Monday, although the UK’s FTSE 100 reversed early loses to trade slightly higher.
Earlier, major South Korean tech companies had fallen sharply, including those of chipmakers Samsung, which closed down 10%, and SK Hynix.
South Korean President Lee Jae-myung said the stock market was expected to experience volatility but he believed domestic shares were still “slightly undervalued”.
Overall, the tech-heavy Kospi has seen huge gains in recent months due to a wave of investment in the country’s tech companies.
Investors are more looking for clear signs that AI demand has translated into “real revenue”, Chanana said. “The burden of proof has gone up.”
Other Asian stock exchanges, like the Hang Seng Index and the Shanghai Composite, all closed lower.
Taiwan’s Taiex was also down sharply after shares of semiconductor giant TSMC fell by 3%. The chipmaker is a key supplier to Nvidia, whose boss Jensen Huang said the recent slide in tech stocks presented a buying opportunity for investors.
Investors are opting for tech companies “with more reliable income streams and dividends”, said Susannah Streeter, chief investment strategist at Wealth Club, adding there were “undercurrents of worry about the surge in tech stock prices”.
The price of the global benchmark Brent jumped by 4.6% to $97.34 (£73.05) a barrel in Asia, after strikes were exchanged between Iran and Israel.
Tehran warned the attacks were the start of a full week of strikes and were a response to a “repeated violation” of a ceasefire agreed on 17 April between the US, Israel and Iran. Israel later hit back with attacks on military targets in Iran.
However, the price of oil then fell back after Iran said it would stop striking Israel, with Brent dropping back to around $94 a barrel.
Associate Professor Jiajia Yang from James Cook University in Australia said traders were again pricing in risks to global oil markets.
The strikes show that many political issues remain unresolved and oil prices are expected to be volatile unless diplomatic efforts succeed, Yang said.
